CONTENTS

Foreword 3

The Mound-Builders and the Indians 5

The First Ohioans 5

Ancient Mounds and Earthworks 7

The Archæologist and His Work 12

Various Kinds of Mound-Builders 13

The Inside Story of a Mound 15

Ancient Non-mound-building Tribes 22

Questions Concerning the Mound-Builders 24

How Things Began 25

Arts and Crafts 27

The Use of Stone 27

The Use of Flint 32

Prehistoric Farming 36

The Use of Bone 37

Use of Clay for Pottery 38

Spinning and Weaving 39

The Use of Metals 40

Personal Ornamentation 41

The Art of the Mound-Builders 42

Tobacco and Tobacco Pipes 43

“Ceremonial” Objects 44

PRIMER OF OHIO ARCHÆOLOGY

FOREWORD

This booklet is issued by the Ohio State Archæologicaland Historical Society in response to a demand for abrief outline of the main features of prehistoric archæologyin Ohio.

While intended primarily for use of students in theelementary schools, it is hoped that visitors to theMuseum, and the general public, as well as collectors ofarchæological material, and students of prehistory, mayfind the brief summary contained herein of interest andvalue.

Since types of archæological specimens are fairlysimilar throughout the area east of the Rocky Mountains,and particularly within the general Mound area,the information contained in this summary is broadlyapplicable even outside the boundaries of the state ofOhio. Further, since the course of human developmenthas been basically the same the world over, the simpleseries of local “relics” selected for this study will serveto illustrate how, through countless centuries of pioneering,human beings have advanced from savagery to civilization,thus making for understanding and appreciationof the present time.

The wealth of material on display and in the studycollections at the Ohio State Museum will serve as aninexhaustible laboratory in further pursuit of the subjectby those who may

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