Copyright, 1890,
By Lee and Shepard.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

I. Colonial Seacoast Defences 9

II. Louisburg Revisited 13

III. Louisburg to Solve Important Political and Military Problems 24

IV. Résumé of Events to the Declaration of War 33

V. “Louisburg must be taken” 46

VI. The Army and its General 59

VII. The Army at Canso 73

VIII. The Siege 80

IX. The Siege Continued 101

X. Afterthoughts 126

THE TAKING OF LOUISBURG
1745

I
COLONIAL SEACOAST DEFENCES

The creation of great maritime fortresses,primarily designed to hold with iron hand importanthighways of commerce, like Gibraltar, orsimply to guard great naval arsenals, likeKronstadt, or, again, placed where some great riverhas cleft a broad path into the heart of acountry, thus laying it open to invasion, has longformed part of the military policy of all maritimenations.

In the New World the Spaniards were the firstto emphasize their adhesion to these essentialprinciples by the erection of strongholds atHavana, Carthagena, Porto Bello, and Vera Cruz,not more to guarantee the integrity of their colonial10possessions, than to protect themselvesagainst the rapacity of the titled freebooters ofEurope, to whom the treasure fleets of Mexicoand the East offered a most alluring prey. WhenSpain carried the purse, all the crowned heads ofEurope seem to have turned highwaymen.

With this single exception the seaboard defencesof the Atlantic coast, even as late as the middleof the eighteenth centur

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