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A BALANCED COLOR SPHERE
PASTEL SKETCH
A COLOR NOTATION
By
A. H. MUNSELL
A MEASURED COLOR
SYSTEM, BASED ON THE
THREE QUALITIES
Hue, Value, and Chroma
WITH
Illustrative Models, Charts,
and a Course of Study
Arranged for Teachers
2nd Edition
Revised &
Enlarged
Geo. H. Ellis Co.
BOSTON
1907
Copyright, 1905
by
A. H. Munsell
All rights reserved
Entered at Stationers’ Hall
AUTHOR’S PREFACE.
At various times during the past ten years, the gist of these pageshas been given in the form of lectures to students of the Normal ArtSchool, the Art Teachers’ Association, and the Twentieth Century Club.In October of last year it was presented before the Society of Arts ofthe Massachusetts Institute of Technology, at the suggestion ofProfessor Charles R. Cross.
Grateful acknowledgment is due to many whose helpful criticism hasaided in its development, notably Mr. Benjamin Ives Gilman, Secretary ofthe Museum of Fine Arts, Professor Harry E. Clifford, of the Institute,and Mr. Myron T. Pritchard, master of the Everett School, Boston.
A. H. M.
Chestnut Hill, Mass., 1905.
PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION.
The new illustrations in this edition are facsimiles of children’sstudies with measured color, made under ordinary school-room conditions.Notes and appendices are introduced to meet the questions mostfrequently asked, stress being laid on the unbalanced nature of colorsusually given to beginners, and the mischief done by teaching that red,yellow, and blue are primary hues.
The need of a scientific basis for color values is also emphasized,believing this to be essential in the discipline of the color sense.
A. H. M.
Chestnut Hill, Mass., 1907.
4INTRODUCTION.
The lack of definiteness which is at present so general in colornomenclature, is due in large measure to the failure to appreciate thefundamental characteristics on which color differences depend. For thephysicist, the expression of the wave length of any particular light isin most cases sufficient, but in the great majority of instances wherecolors are referred to, something more than this and something easier ofrealization is essential.
The attempt to express color relations by using merely twodimensions, or two definite characteristics, can never lead to asuccessful system. For this reason alone the system proposed by Mr.Munsell, with its three dimensions of hue,